Design principles, failure modes and worked examples.
5 guides
The stages of an anchor design to EN 1992-4, from actions and connection geometry to anchor forces, resistance for each failure mode, displacement, the concrete member and the installation requirements passed to site.
The tension failure modes verified in EN 1992-4 (steel failure, pull-out, combined pull-out and concrete failure, concrete cone, splitting and blow-out), what limits each one and where its resistance comes from.
The shear failure modes verified in EN 1992-4 (steel failure with and without lever arm, pry-out and concrete edge failure), how shear is transferred into the concrete and what limits each mode.
How EN 1992-4 distributes tension, shear and torsion from a fixture to the anchors of a group, and how eccentricity, fixture stiffness and hole clearance change the load on each anchor.
What makes up the displacement of an anchor and of a complete connection, how the European Technical Assessment (ETA) and EN 1992-4 treat it, and why ductile behaviour matters.